前两天看到MariaDB发布了10.8RC1就更新源把博客的MariaDB从10.7升级到10.8RC，博客正常访问，也没在意，今天发现VPS硬盘使用率大幅上升，然后就排查了一下，发现是MariaDB错误日志比较大。

1、排查思路：先用du -h统计磁盘使用率，再用 du -h --max-depth / 逐级定位文件和目录，发现是MariaDB错误日志比较大，然后用tail -n 10 error_log.err ，查看日志，避免数据量太大刷屏。

# 错误日志如下：原因：估计是升级了 MySQL 的软件包，管理数据库的某些表结构发生了变化，所以还需要升级数据库的相关表结构。

2022-03-05  9:33:37 43898 [ERROR] Incorrect definition of table mysql.column_stats: expected column 'hist_type' at position 9 to have type enum('SINGLE_PREC_HB','DOUBLE_PREC_HB','JSON_HB'), found type enum('SINGLE_PREC_HB','DOUBLE_PREC_HB').
2022-03-05  9:33:37 43898 [ERROR] Incorrect definition of table mysql.column_stats: expected column 'histogram' at position 10 to have type longblob, found type varbinary(255).

2、使用mysql_upgrade -u root -p 进行数据库修复。

[root@CLOUD-ORI-OVH-US-1 mysql]# mysql_upgrade -u root -p
Enter password: 
Phase 1/7: Checking and upgrading mysql database
Processing databases
mysql
mysql.column_stats                                 OK
mysql.columns_priv                                 OK
mysql.db                                           OK
mysql.event                                        OK
mysql.func                                         OK
mysql.global_priv                                  OK
mysql.gtid_slave_pos                               OK
mysql.help_category                                OK
mysql.help_keyword                                 OK
mysql.help_relation                                OK
mysql.help_topic                                   OK
mysql.index_stats                                  OK
mysql.innodb_index_stats                           OK
mysql.innodb_table_stats                           OK
mysql.plugin                                       OK
mysql.proc                                         OK
mysql.procs_priv                                   OK
mysql.proxies_priv                                 OK
mysql.roles_mapping                                OK
mysql.servers                                      OK
mysql.table_stats                                  OK
mysql.tables_priv                                  OK
mysql.time_zone                                    OK
mysql.time_zone_leap_second                        OK
mysql.time_zone_name                               OK
mysql.time_zone_transition                         OK
mysql.time_zone_transition_type                    OK
mysql.transaction_registry                         OK
Phase 2/7: Installing used storage engines... Skipped
Phase 3/7: Fixing views
mysql.user                                         OK
Phase 4/7: Running 'mysql_fix_privilege_tables'
Phase 5/7: Fixing table and database names
Phase 6/7: Checking and upgrading tables
Processing databases
information_schema
performance_schema
sys
sys.sys_config                                     OK
Phase 7/7: Running 'FLUSH PRIVILEGES'
OK

3、修复完成后MariaDB错误日志不在增加，网站访问也正常，至此错误解决。